Poverty in pakistan

POVERTY IN PAKISTAN
And how we control this

Introduction:-

Poverty cannot be described it can only be felt. One knows more
about poverty when he is hungry and cannot purchase food, he
and his children want new clothes but they can’t purchase it
Because of low income, he’s sick and doesn’t have money to
have medicine, he wants to send his children to school but can’t
bear educational expenditures. The world Development Reports
define poverty as “pronounced deprivation in well being’.
Poverty can be measured by following three methods,
I.e. Head Count Ratio, Basic Needs Approach, and Poverty
of Opportunity.

According to Head Count Ratio, the persons who fall below the
Poverty line as determined in the country is regarded as poor.
In Pakistan, for instance, the persons who earn income which
Cannot meet the daily intake of about 2350 calories per person
are considered to fall below the poverty line. Basic Need’s
Approach suggests the measurement of ‘poverty’ with reference
to income distribution. According to this approach if the persons
of a fixed income group cannot purchase basic needs, i.e. food, clothing, housing, education and basic health facilities, they are considered to fall below the poverty line. The third approach which is ‘poverty of opportunity’, if due to fall in income, health or education the human sufferings increase the people are considered to have fallen below the poverty line.

Extreme poverty, which threatens people’s health or lives, is also known as destitution or absolute poverty. In the United States, extreme poverty is traditionally defined as having an annual income that is less than half of the official poverty line (an income level determined by the Bureau of the Census). Extreme poverty in developing nations, as defined by international organizations, means having a household income of less than U.S. $1 per day. Relative poverty is the condition of having fewer resources or less income than others within a society or country, or compared to worldwide averages. In developed countries, relative poverty often is measured as having a family income less than one-half of the median income for that country.
The reasons for poverty are not clear. Some people believe that poverty results from a lack of adequate resources on global level— resources such as land, food, and building materials—that are necessary for the well-being or survival of the world’s people. Others see poverty as an effect of the uneven distribution of resources around the world on an international or even regional scale. This second line of reasoning helps explain why many people have much more than they need to live in comfort, while many others do not have enough resources to live.
Causes of Poverty:-

Poverty has many causes, some of them very basic. Some experts suggest, for instance, that the world has too many people, too few jobs, and not enough food. But such basic causes are quite intractable and not easily eradicated. In most cases, the causes and effects of poverty interact, so that what makes people poor also creates conditions that keep them poor. Primary factors that may lead to poverty include (1) overpopulation, (2) the unequal distribution of resources in the world economy, (3) inability to meet high standards of living and costs of living, (4) inadequate education and employment opportunities, (5) environmental degradation, (6) certain economic and demographic trends, and (7) welfare incentives. There are so many causes given below which increase the poverty ratio in Pakistan and other the world.

Overpopulation
Global Distribution of Resources
High Standards of Living and Costs of Living
Inadequate Education and Employment
Environmental Degradation
Economic and Demographic Trends
Individual Responsibility and Welfare Dependency
Effects of Poverty

Overpopulation:-
Overpopulation, the situation of having large numbers of people with too few resources and too little space, is closely associated with poverty. It can result from high population density (the ratio of people to land area, usually expressed as numbers of persons per square kilometer or square mile) or from low amounts of resources, or from both. Excessively high population densities put stress on available resources. Only a certain number of people can be supported on a given area of land, and that number depends on how much food and other resources the land can provide. In countries where people live primarily by means of simple farming, gardening, herding, hunting, and gathering, even large areas of land can support only small numbers of people because these labor-intensive subsistence activities produce only small amounts of food.
In developed countries such as the United States, Japan, and the countries of western Europe, overpopulation generally is not considered a major cause of poverty. These countries produce large quantities of food through mechanized farming, which depends on commercial fertilizers, large-scale irrigation, and agricultural machinery. This form of production provides enough food to support the high densities of people in metropolitan areas.
Some people claim that an increase in the population will developed the urban area because they think population increases the income in the urban areas. Moreover, they think that the increase the population in the big cites will improve both the private sectors and public sectors. According to the government of Pakistan, “There is a rapidly growing population and associated urban development” (2007). In fact, the overpopulation leads to bad economic climate. Therefore, people become unemployed. Moreover, the truth is that overpopulation leads to poor education, poor health, and poor the economic resource. As we know, overpopulation can damage the environment and bring a lot of disease because the Pakistan is a small country. The less developed countries like Pakistan the governments do not care about the issue of overpopulation. Therefore, the overpopulation damages the environmental condition by misusing the land. According to the Social Enterprise Development Center,” A large population is one of the main causes of a high level of population “(n.d. prpr5). As result, the government of Pakistan should stare look at the population and solve the issue of overpopulation. In conclusion, for these reasons and many other reasons the government of Pakistan should start to find a solution to control the overpopulation by educating people, supporting the private sector, and improving the economic climate. As a result, people will get social welfare and have a good economic condition. Moreover, the government of Pakistan can help population to understand how overpopulation threatens the environment and take responsibility about the issue of overpopulation.
Reference: Ashraf, F. (2006, July 30). Report: SAFTA, bilateralism and South Asia. United News of Bangladesh. Retrieved July22, 2007, from LexisNexis.Social Enterprise Development Center.